資訊專欄INFORMATION COLUMN
簡介
Nagios 是一款自動(dòng)化運(yùn)維工具，可以協(xié)助運(yùn)維人員監(jiān)控服務(wù)器的運(yùn)行狀況，并且擁有報(bào)警功能。本文章將介紹其安裝方法和詳細(xì)的配置方法。
軟件版本nagios 監(jiān)控服務(wù)應(yīng)用指南
本地資源：負(fù)載，CPU，磁盤，內(nèi)存。IO，RAID，溫度，passwd文件變化，本地所有文件指紋識別
網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)：端口，URL，丟包，進(jìn)程，網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量
其他設(shè)備：交換機(jī)，打印機(jī)，windows等。
業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)：用戶登錄失敗次數(shù)，用戶登錄網(wǎng)站次數(shù)，輸入驗(yàn)證碼失敗的次數(shù)，某個(gè)API接口流量并發(fā)，電商網(wǎng)站訂單，支付交易的數(shù)量nagios成員：主程序nagios，插件nagios-plugins，和一些可選的客戶端nrpe，NSClient++,NSCA和NDOUtils
NRPE--半被動(dòng)模式
存放位置：安裝在客戶端
NRPE作用：在客戶端執(zhí)行相關(guān)的腳本插件來獲取數(shù)據(jù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對客戶端主機(jī)資源的監(jiān)控。
存在形式：守護(hù)進(jìn)程(agent)模式，開啟的端口5666NSClient++：半被動(dòng)模式，相當(dāng)于linux系統(tǒng)的nrpe
NDOUtils（不推薦用）
存在位置：服務(wù)端
作用：用于將nagios的配置信息和各event產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫中，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對這些數(shù)據(jù)的檢索和處理。NSCA：純被動(dòng)模式--->用在分布式監(jiān)控環(huán)境中
位置：NSCA需要同時(shí)安裝在nagios的服務(wù)器端和客戶端
nagios版本：4.3.1實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境
nagios-plugins版本：2.2.1
nrpe版本：3.1.0
nagios運(yùn)行在LAMP環(huán)境下（如果還沒有安裝LAMP環(huán)境，可以參考下我的安裝LNMP文章，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)編譯安裝了php和Mysql，本文直接采取yum 方式安裝apache，當(dāng)然也可以采取編譯方式安裝apache。看個(gè)人喜好和公司需求）
Centos版本：CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 64位下載nagios軟件及插件包
Apache版本：Apache/2.4.6
Nginx版本: nginx 1.12.0
Mysql版本：mysql 5.7.18
PHP版本：php 7.1.4
下載慢的話可以去我的網(wǎng)盤下載
[root@nagios ~]# cd /software/ [root@nagios software]# wget https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/releases/nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz [root@nagios software]# wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz [root@nagios software]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz [root@nagios software]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11095797 4月 21 15:57 nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2728818 4月 20 00:04 nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 501028 4月 17 22:36 nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz安裝nagios-server服務(wù)端 安裝依賴包
[root@nagios software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel perl-devel perl-CPAN fcgi perl-FCGI perl-FCGI-ProcManager解壓nagios源碼包
[root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz進(jìn)入解壓后的目錄
[root@nagios software]# cd nagios-4.3.1/創(chuàng)建ngaios用戶和組（把nginx啟動(dòng)用戶www加入到nagios相關(guān)組）
[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# useradd nagios -s /sbin/nologin [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id www [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# groupadd nagcmd [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# usermod -a -G nagcmd www [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id -n -G nagios [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# id -n -G www配置nagios
[root@client1 nagios-4.3.1]# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd編譯和安裝
[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make all [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-init [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-commandmode [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-config [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# cp -R contrib/eventhandlers/ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers [root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg生成apache配置文件
[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# make install-webconf
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 sample-config/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf
if [ 0 -eq 1 ]; then
ln -s /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/nagios.conf;
fi
*** Nagios/Apache conf file installed ***
生成nagios web界面的驗(yàn)證信息
[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagios New password: ==> 輸入密碼，這里我輸入的密碼是nagios，記住這個(gè)密碼 Re-type new password: ==> 確認(rèn)密碼 Adding password for user nagios修改apache配置文件
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Listen 80 ===> 修改為 Listen 8080 User apache ===> 修改為 User www Group apache ===> 修改為 Group www DirectoryIndex index.html ===> 修改為 DirectoryIndex index.php index.html AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz ===> 下面添加一行內(nèi)容 AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so ===> 下面添加一行內(nèi)容 LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.soapache配置文件參考
[root@nagios httpd]# grep -v "^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep -v "#" ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" Listen 8080 LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so Include conf.modules.d/*.conf User www Group www ServerAdmin root@localhost重新編譯一下php，使其直接apache（也就是編譯參數(shù)加上--with-apxs2）AllowOverride none Require all denied DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" AllowOverride None Require all granted Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted DirectoryIndex index.php index.html Require all denied ErrorLog "logs/error_log" LogLevel warnLogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%h %l %u %t "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i" %I %O" combinedio CustomLog "logs/access_log" combinedScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" AllowOverride None Options None Require all granted TypesConfig /etc/mime.types AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml AddDefaultCharset UTF-8MIMEMagicFile conf/magic EnableSendfile on IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@nagios nagios-4.3.1]# cd /software/php-7.1.4/ [root@nagios php-7.1.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --with-apxs2 [root@nagios php-7.1.4]# make && make install [root@nagios php-7.1.4]# cd /etc/httpd/ [root@nagios httpd]# ll /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 38908880 4月 24 10:34 /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so ===> 可以看到這個(gè)模塊已經(jīng)生成啟動(dòng)apache
[root@nagios httpd]# systemctl start httpd [root@nagios httpd]# systemctl enable httpd啟動(dòng)nagios
chkconfig nagios on /etc/init.d/nagios start在瀏覽器輸入ip:8080/nagios測試nagios-web頁面是否可以打開
[root@nagios httpd]# cd /software/ [root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz進(jìn)入解壓后的目錄進(jìn)行配置
[root@nagios software]# cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/ [root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagcmd --enable-perl-modules編譯及安裝
[root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# make && make install
[root@nagios nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# cd /software/ [root@nagios software]# tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz進(jìn)去解壓后的目錄進(jìn)行配置
[root@nagios software]# cd nrpe-3.1.0/ [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# ./configure編譯及安裝
[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make all [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-plugin [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon-config [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg安裝完成后，查看下libexec下面是否有插件
[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ check_apt check_flexlm check_log check_ntp_peer check_smtp disable_active_service_checks check_breeze check_fping check_mailq check_ntp_time check_spop disable_notifications check_by_ssh check_ftp check_mrtg check_nwstat check_ssh distributed-monitoring check_clamd check_http check_mrtgtraf check_oracle check_ssmtp enable_active_service_checks check_cluster check_icmp check_mysql check_overcr check_swap enable_notifications check_dhcp check_ide_smart check_mysql_query check_ping check_tcp eventhandlers check_dig check_ifoperstatus check_nagios check_pop check_time negate check_disk check_ifstatus check_nntp check_procs check_udp redundancy-scenario1 check_disk_smb check_imap check_nntps check_real check_ups submit_check_result check_dns check_ircd check_nrpe check_rpc check_uptime urlize check_dummy check_jabber check_nt check_sensors check_users utils.pm check_file_age check_load check_ntp check_simap check_wave utils.sh啟動(dòng)nrpe，并測試服務(wù)端本地是否可以連通
[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local # centos 7下需要這一步， 不然/etc/rc.local中的內(nèi)容開機(jī)可能不執(zhí)行 [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# netstat -lnput|grep 5666 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 67176/nrpe tcp6 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 67176/nrpe [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost NRPE v3.1.0-rc1
[root@client1 ~]# mkdir /software/ [root@client1 ~]# cd /software/ [root@client1 software]# wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz [root@client1 software]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz安裝nagios-plugin
安裝依賴包
[root@client1 software]# yum install perl-devel perl-CPAN -y
創(chuàng)建用戶
[root@client1 software]# useradd nagios -M -s /sbin/nologin
解壓nagios-plugin源碼包
[root@client1 software]# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz
進(jìn)入解壓后的目錄進(jìn)行配置
[root@client1 software]# cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/ [root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules
編譯及安裝
[root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# make && make install
解壓nrpe源碼包
[root@client1 nagios-plugins-2.2.1]# cd .. [root@client1 software]# tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz
進(jìn)入解壓后的目錄進(jìn)行配置
[root@client1 software]# cd nrpe-3.1.0/ [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# ./configure
編譯及安裝
[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make all [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-plugin [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# make install-daemon-config [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/ [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
安裝完成后，查看下libexec下面是否有插件
[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ check_apt check_dummy check_imap check_nagios check_overcr check_ssh negate check_breeze check_file_age check_ircd check_nntp check_ping check_ssmtp urlize check_by_ssh check_flexlm check_jabber check_nntps check_pop check_swap utils.pm check_clamd check_fping check_load check_nrpe check_procs check_tcp utils.sh check_cluster check_ftp check_log check_nt check_real check_time check_dhcp check_http check_mailq check_ntp check_rpc check_udp check_dig check_icmp check_mrtg check_ntp_peer check_sensors check_ups check_disk check_ide_smart check_mrtgtraf check_ntp_time check_simap check_uptime check_disk_smb check_ifoperstatus check_mysql check_nwstat check_smtp check_users check_dns check_ifstatus check_mysql_query check_oracle check_spop check_wave
啟動(dòng)nrpe，并測試服務(wù)端本地是否可以連通
[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local # centos 7下需要這一步， 不然/etc/rc.local中的內(nèi)容開機(jī)可能不執(zhí)行 [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# netstat -lnput|grep 5666 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28296/nrpe tcp6 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 28296/nrpe [root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost NRPE v3.1.0-rc1
修改配置文件
[root@client1 nrpe-3.1.0]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
vi nrpe.cfg
允許服務(wù)端IP和本機(jī)訪問，172.16.0.18是nagios服務(wù)端IP地址
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1 ===> 修改為 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1,172.16.0.18
注釋下面幾行內(nèi)容
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20 command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
在nrpe.cfg文件末尾增加下面幾行內(nèi)容
# my custom monitor items command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20 command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p / command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl -w 90% -c 95% command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)監(jiān)控內(nèi)存的perl腳本
[root@client1 etc]# vi /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl
添加下面內(nèi)容
#! /usr/bin/perl -w
#
# $Id: check_mem.pl 8 2008-08-23 08:59:52Z rhomann $
#
# check_mem v1.7 plugin for nagios
#
# uses the output of `free` to find the percentage of memory used
#
# Copyright Notice: GPL
#
# History:
# v1.8 Rouven Homann - rouven.homann@cimt.de
# + added findbin patch from Duane Toler
# + added backward compatibility patch from Timour Ezeev
#
# v1.7 Ingo Lantschner - ingo AT boxbe DOT com
# + adapted for systems with no swap (avoiding divison through 0)
#
# v1.6 Cedric Temple - cedric DOT temple AT cedrictemple DOT info
# + add swap monitoring
# + if warning and critical threshold are 0, exit with OK
# + add a directive to exclude/include buffers
#
# v1.5 Rouven Homann - rouven.homann@cimt.de
# + perfomance tweak with free -mt (just one sub process started instead of 7)
# + more code cleanup
#
# v1.4 Garrett Honeycutt - gh@3gupload.com
# + Fixed PerfData output to adhere to standards and show crit/warn values
#
# v1.3 Rouven Homann - rouven.homann@cimt.de
# + Memory installed, used and free displayed in verbose mode
# + Bit Code Cleanup
#
# v1.2 Rouven Homann - rouven.homann@cimt.de
# + Bug fixed where verbose output was required (nrpe2)
# + Bug fixed where perfomance data was not displayed at verbose output
# + FindBin Module used for the nagios plugin path of the utils.pm
#
# v1.1 Rouven Homann - rouven.homann@cimt.de
# + Status Support (-c, -w)
# + Syntax Help Informations (-h)
# + Version Informations Output (-V)
# + Verbose Output (-v)
# + Better Error Code Output (as described in plugin guideline)
#
# v1.0 Garrett Honeycutt - gh@3gupload.com
# + Initial Release
#
use strict;
use FindBin;
FindBin::again();
use lib $FindBin::Bin;
use utils qw($TIMEOUT %ERRORS &print_revision &support);
use vars qw($PROGNAME $PROGVER);
use Getopt::Long;
use vars qw($opt_V $opt_h $verbose $opt_w $opt_c);
$PROGNAME = "check_mem";
$PROGVER = "1.8";
# add a directive to exclude buffers:
my $DONT_INCLUDE_BUFFERS = 0;
sub print_help ();
sub print_usage ();
Getopt::Long::Configure("bundling");
GetOptions ("V" => $opt_V, "version" => $opt_V,
"h" => $opt_h, "help" => $opt_h,
"v" => $verbose, "verbose" => $verbose,
"w=s" => $opt_w, "warning=s" => $opt_w,
"c=s" => $opt_c, "critical=s" => $opt_c);
if ($opt_V) {
print_revision($PROGNAME,"$Revision: ".$PROGVER." $");
exit $ERRORS{"UNKNOWN"};
}
if ($opt_h) {
print_help();
exit $ERRORS{"UNKNOWN"};
}
print_usage() unless (($opt_c) && ($opt_w));
my ($mem_critical, $swap_critical);
my ($mem_warning, $swap_warning);
($mem_critical, $swap_critical) = ($1,$2) if ($opt_c =~ /([0-9]+)[%]?(?:,([0-9]+)[%]?)?/);
($mem_warning, $swap_warning) = ($1,$2) if ($opt_w =~ /([0-9]+)[%]?(?:,([0-9]+)[%]?)?/);
# Check if swap params were supplied
$swap_critical ||= 100;
$swap_warning ||= 100;
# print threshold in output message
my $mem_threshold_output = " (";
my $swap_threshold_output = " (";
if ( $mem_warning > 0 && $mem_critical > 0) {
$mem_threshold_output .= "W> $mem_warning, C> $mem_critical";
}
elsif ( $mem_warning > 0 ) {
$mem_threshold_output .= "W> $mem_warning";
}
elsif ( $mem_critical > 0 ) {
$mem_threshold_output .= "C> $mem_critical";
}
if ( $swap_warning > 0 && $swap_critical > 0) {
$swap_threshold_output .= "W> $swap_warning, C> $swap_critical";
}
elsif ( $swap_warning > 0 ) {
$swap_threshold_output .= "W> $swap_warning";
}
elsif ( $swap_critical > 0 ) {
$swap_threshold_output .= "C> $swap_critical";
}
$mem_threshold_output .= ")";
$swap_threshold_output .= ")";
my $verbose = $verbose;
my ($mem_percent, $mem_total, $mem_used, $swap_percent, $swap_total, $swap_used) = &sys_stats();
my $free_mem = $mem_total - $mem_used;
my $free_swap = $swap_total - $swap_used;
# set output message
my $output = "Memory Usage".$mem_threshold_output.": ". $mem_percent."%
";
$output .= "Swap Usage".$swap_threshold_output.": ". $swap_percent."%";
# set verbose output message
my $verbose_output = "Memory Usage:".$mem_threshold_output.": ". $mem_percent."% "."- Total: $mem_total MB, used: $mem_used MB, free: $free_mem MB
";
$verbose_output .= "Swap Usage:".$swap_threshold_output.": ". $swap_percent."% "."- Total: $swap_total MB, used: $swap_used MB, free: $free_swap MB
";
# set perfdata message
my $perfdata_output = "MemUsed=$mem_percent\%;$mem_warning;$mem_critical";
$perfdata_output .= " SwapUsed=$swap_percent\%;$swap_warning;$swap_critical";
# if threshold are 0, exit with OK
if ( $mem_warning == 0 ) { $mem_warning = 101 };
if ( $swap_warning == 0 ) { $swap_warning = 101 };
if ( $mem_critical == 0 ) { $mem_critical = 101 };
if ( $swap_critical == 0 ) { $swap_critical = 101 };
if ($mem_percent>$mem_critical || $swap_percent>$swap_critical) {
if ($verbose) { print "CRITICAL: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
else { print "CRITICAL: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
exit $ERRORS{"CRITICAL"};
} elsif ($mem_percent>$mem_warning || $swap_percent>$swap_warning) {
if ($verbose) { print "WARNING: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
else { print "WARNING: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
exit $ERRORS{"WARNING"};
} else {
if ($verbose) { print "OK: ".$verbose_output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
else { print "OK: ".$output."|".$perfdata_output."
";}
exit $ERRORS{"OK"};
}
sub sys_stats {
my @memory = split(" ", `free -mt`);
my $mem_total = $memory[7];
my $mem_used;
if ( $DONT_INCLUDE_BUFFERS) { $mem_used = $memory[15]; }
else { $mem_used = $memory[8];}
my $swap_total = $memory[18];
my $swap_used = $memory[19];
my $mem_percent = ($mem_used / $mem_total) * 100;
my $swap_percent;
if ($swap_total == 0) {
$swap_percent = 0;
} else {
$swap_percent = ($swap_used / $swap_total) * 100;
}
return (sprintf("%.0f",$mem_percent),$mem_total,$mem_used, sprintf("%.0f",$swap_percent),$swap_total,$swap_used);
}
sub print_usage () {
print "Usage: $PROGNAME -w -c [-v] [-h]
";
exit $ERRORS{"UNKNOWN"} unless ($opt_h);
}
sub print_help () {
print_revision($PROGNAME,"$Revision: ".$PROGVER." $");
print "Copyright (c) 2005 Garrett Honeycutt/Rouven Homann/Cedric Temple
";
print "
";
print_usage();
print "
";
print "-w , = Memory and Swap usage to activate a warning message (eg: -w 90,25 ) .
";
print "-c , = Memory and Swap usage to activate a critical message (eg: -c 95,50 ).
";
print "-v = Verbose Output.
";
print "-h = This screen.
";
support();
}
給腳本增加執(zhí)行權(quán)限
[root@client1 etc]# chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl
重啟nrpe服務(wù)
# 方法一
[root@client1 etc]# killall nrpe
[root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
# 方法二
[root@client1 etc]# kill -HUP `ps -ef|grep nrpe|awk "NR==1{print $2}"`
在本機(jī)執(zhí)行兩個(gè)命令看下效果
[root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_mem CRITICAL: Memory Usage (W> 10, C> 3): 29%
Swap Usage (W> 100, C> 100): 12%|MemUsed=29%;10;3 SwapUsed=12%;100;100 [root@client1 etc]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_disk DISK OK - free space: / 4201 MB (24.15% inode=97%);| /=13192MB;13915;15654;0;17394
nrpe連接客戶端機(jī)器測試是否可以連通，然后執(zhí)行一個(gè)監(jiān)控命令（如果不通的話可能是因?yàn)閟elinux和防火墻沒關(guān)閉而造成的）
[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 172.16.0.20 NRPE v3.1.0-rc1 [root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 172.16.0.20 -c check_disk DISK OK - free space: / 4201 MB (24.15% inode=97%);| /=13192MB;13915;15654;0;17394
因?yàn)閚agios默認(rèn)把全部的權(quán)限給nagiosadmin，所以可以通過修改cgi.cfg文件賦予nagios權(quán)限，切換到/usr/local/nagios/etc目錄下
[root@nagios nrpe-3.1.0]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc [root@nagios etc]# ll 總用量 144 -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 12999 4月 21 17:00 cgi.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 45 4月 24 09:28 htpasswd.users -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 44831 4月 21 17:00 nagios.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10765 4月 24 12:32 nrpe.cfg drwxrwxr-x 2 nagios nagios 336 4月 21 17:00 objects -rw-rw---- 1 nagios nagios 1312 4月 21 17:00 resource.cfg [root@nagios etc]# grep nagiosadmin cgi.cfg authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin [root@nagios etc]# sed -i "s/nagiosadmin/nagiosadmin,nagios/g" cgi.cfg [root@nagios etc]# grep nagiosadmin cgi.cfg authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios修改nagios.cfg（自定義一些配置）
[root@nagios etc]# vi nagios.cfg +34 #注釋掉下面這行 #cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #添加下面兩行內(nèi)容 cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
創(chuàng)建hosts.cfg和services.cfg這兩個(gè)文件
[root@nagios etc]# cd objects/ [root@nagios objects]# pwd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects [root@nagios objects]# touch services.cfg [root@nagios objects]# head -51 localhost.cfg > hosts.cfg [root@nagios objects]# chown -R nagios.nagios *
修改nagios檢查語法腳本
[root@nagios objects]# vim /etc/init.d/nagios +181 #check_config $NagiosBin -v $NagiosCfgFile;
vi commands.cfg 進(jìn)入后按shift+g切到結(jié)尾加入下面內(nèi)容。
# "check_nrpe" command definition
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}
# "check_ping" command definition
define command{
command_name check-ping
command_line $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w 100.0,20% -c 200.0,50% -p 3 -t 2
}
# "check_http" command definition
define command{
command_name check-weburl
command_line $USER1$/check_http -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $ARG1$ -w 5 -c 10
}
# "check_tcp" command definition
define command{
command_name check-tcp
command_line $USER1$/check_tcp -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p $ARG1$ -w 0.02 -c 0.1
}
查看有哪些cfg文件
[root@nagios objects]# pwd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects [root@nagios objects]# ll 總用量 100 -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 7860 4月 24 16:53 commands.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 2138 4月 21 17:00 contacts.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 nagios nagios 1843 4月 24 16:46 hosts.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 5379 4月 21 17:00 localhost.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 3070 4月 21 17:00 printer.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 nagios nagios 0 4月 24 16:46 services.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 3252 4月 21 17:00 switch.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 10595 4月 21 17:00 templates.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 3180 4月 21 17:00 timeperiods.cfg -rw-rw-r-- 1 nagios nagios 3991 4月 21 17:00 windows.cfg常用對象介紹
聯(lián)系人
contact
出了問題像誰報(bào)告?一般當(dāng)然是系統(tǒng)管理員了監(jiān)控時(shí)間段
timeperiod
7X24小時(shí)不間斷還是周一至周五,或是自定義的其他時(shí)間段被監(jiān)控主機(jī)
host
所需要監(jiān)控的服務(wù)器,當(dāng)然可以是監(jiān)控機(jī)自己監(jiān)控命令
command
nagios發(fā)出的哪個(gè)指令來執(zhí)行某個(gè)監(jiān)控,這也是自己定義的被監(jiān)控的服務(wù)
service
例如主機(jī)是否存活,80端口是否開,磁盤使用情況或者自定義的服務(wù)等
contacts.cfg文件介紹
service_notification_period ? ? 24x7
服務(wù)出了狀況通知的時(shí)間段,這個(gè)時(shí)間段就是上面在timeperiods.cfg中定義的.host_notification_period ? ? ? ?24x7
主機(jī)出了狀況通知的時(shí)間段, 這個(gè)時(shí)間段就是上面在timeperiods.cfg中定義的service_notification_options ? ?w,u,c,r
當(dāng)服務(wù)出現(xiàn)w—報(bào)警(warning),u—未知(unkown),c—嚴(yán)重(critical),或者r—從異常情況恢復(fù)正常,在這四種情況下通知聯(lián)系人.host_notification_options ? ? ? d,u,r
當(dāng)主機(jī)出現(xiàn)d----—當(dāng)機(jī)(down),u—返回不可達(dá)(unreachable),r—從異常情況恢復(fù)正常,在這3種情況下通知聯(lián)系人service_notification_commands ? notify- service -by-email
服務(wù)出問題通知采用的命令notify-by-email,這個(gè)命令是在commands.cfg中定義的,作用是給聯(lián)系人發(fā)郵件.至于commands.cfg之后將專門介紹host_notification_commands ? ? ?host-notify-by-email notify- host--by-email
同上,主機(jī)出問題時(shí)采用的也是發(fā)郵件的方式通知聯(lián)系人email ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??123456@qq.com
很明顯,聯(lián)系的人email地址pager ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1338757xxxx
聯(lián)系人的手機(jī),如果支持短信的通知的話,這個(gè)就很有用了.alias是聯(lián)系人別名,address是地址 .
contactgroups.cfg文件介紹
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name 組名 //聯(lián)系人組的名稱
alias 別名 //別名
members 用戶名 //組的成員,來自于上面定義的contacts.cfg,如果有多個(gè)聯(lián)系人則以逗號相隔
}主機(jī)模板介紹（hosts.cfg）
> ```# host
define host{
host_name 主機(jī)名 //被監(jiān)控主機(jī)的名稱,最好別帶空格nagios-server
alias 別名
address IP //被監(jiān)控主機(jī)的IP地址
check_command check-host-alive //監(jiān)控的命令check-host-alive,這個(gè)命令來自commands.cfg,用來監(jiān)控主機(jī)是否存活
max_check_attempts 5 //檢查失敗后重試的次數(shù)
check_period 24x7 //檢查的時(shí)間段24x7,同樣來自于我們之前在 timeperiods.cfg中定義的
contact_groups 組名 //聯(lián)系人組,上面在contactgroups.cfg中定義的組名
notification_interval 10 //提醒的間隔,每隔10秒提醒一次
notification_period 24x7 //提醒的周期, 24x7,同樣來自于我們之前在timeperiods.cfg中定義的
notification_options d,u,r //指定什么情況下提醒,具體含義見之前contacts.cfg部分的介紹
}
主機(jī)組模板介紹（hosts.cfg）
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name 主機(jī)組名
alias 別名
members 主機(jī)名 //組的成員主機(jī),多個(gè)主機(jī)以逗號相隔,必須是上面hosts.cfg中定義的
}服務(wù)模板介紹（services.cfg）
> ```# service definition
define service{
host_name 主機(jī)名 //被監(jiān)控的主機(jī),hosts.cfg中定義的
service_description check-host-alive //這個(gè)監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目的描述(也可以說是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的名稱),可以空格,我們這里定義的是監(jiān)控這個(gè)主機(jī)是不是存活
check_command check-host-alive //所用的命令,是commands.cfg中定義的
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 3
retry_check_interval 2
check_period 24x7 //監(jiān)控的時(shí)間段,是timeperiods.cfg中定義的
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7 //通知的時(shí)間段, ,是timeperiods.cfg中定義的
notification_options w,u,c,r //在監(jiān)控的結(jié)果是wucr時(shí)通知聯(lián)系人,具體含義看前文.
contact_groups 組名 //聯(lián)系人組,是contactgroups.cfg中定義的
}
主機(jī)模板配置
[root@nagios objects]# vi hosts.cfg +21
刪除下面11行內(nèi)容
添加下面內(nèi)容
# Define some hosts
###########172.16.0.18##################
define host {
use linux-server
host_name nagios
alias nagios
address 172.16.0.18
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 3
normal_check_interval 2
retry_check_interval 2
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 300
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
contact_groups admins
process_perf_data 1
}
###########172.16.0.18##################
define host {
use linux-server
host_name client1
alias client1
address 172.16.0.20
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 3
normal_check_interval 2
retry_check_interval 2
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 300
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
contact_groups admins
process_perf_data 1
}
把監(jiān)控的主機(jī)添加到主機(jī)組里面
[root@nagios objects]# vi hosts.cfg +76
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members nagios,client1 ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
}
服務(wù)模板配置
[root@nagios objects]# pwd
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects
[root@nagios objects]# vi services.cfg
添加下面內(nèi)容
###########172.16.0.18##################
define service{
use generic-service
host_name nagios
service_description Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load #這里的check_nrpe不是服務(wù)端/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe,而是command.cfg里定義的命令
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name nagios
service_description Disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name nagios
service_description memory
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name nagios
service_description Ping
check_command check-ping!172.16.0.18
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name nagios
service_description port_3306
check_command check-tcp!3306
}
###########172.16.0.20##################
define service{
use generic-service
host_name client1
service_description Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name client1
service_description Disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name client1
service_description memory
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name client1
service_description Ping
check_command check-ping!172.16.0.20
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name client1
service_description port_3306
check_command check-tcp!3306
}
重啟nagios服務(wù)
[root@nagios objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
打開瀏覽器訪問
點(diǎn)擊hosts
點(diǎn)擊services
ok，我們的配置告一段落了。
出圖部分下載pnp4nagios源碼包
[root@nagios objects]# cd /software/ [root@nagios software]# wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz
安裝依賴包
[root@nagios software]# yum install cairo pango perl-rrdtool rrdtool librrds-perl zlib zlib-devel freetype freetype-devel gd gd-devel -y
解壓pnp4nagios源碼包
[root@nagios software]# tar zxf pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz
進(jìn)入解壓后的目錄配置png
[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
編譯及安裝
[root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make all [root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install [root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-webconf [root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-config [root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# make install-init [root@nagios pnp4nagios-0.6.25]# cd sample-config/ [root@nagios sample-config]# make install-webconf
配置pnp4nagios
[root@nagios sample-config]# cd /usr/local/pnp4nagios/etc/ [root@nagios etc]# mv misccommands.cfg-sample misccommands.cfg [root@nagios etc]# mv rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg [root@nagios etc]# mv nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg [root@nagios etc]# cd pages/ [root@nagios pages]# mv web_traffic.cfg-sample web_traffic.cfg [root@nagios pages]# cd ../check_commands/ [root@nagios check_commands]# mv check_all_local_disks.cfg-sample check_all_local_disks.cfg [root@nagios check_commands]# mv check_nrpe.cfg-sample check_nrpe.cfg [root@nagios check_commands]# mv check_nwstat.cfg-sample check_nwstat.cfg [root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl enable npcd [root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl start npcd
配置Nagios數(shù)據(jù)輸出接口(以BULK模式運(yùn)行)詳情參考官網(wǎng)https://docs.pnp4nagios.org/pnp-0.6/config#bulk_mode：
[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg process_performance_data=1 #默認(rèn)為0，修改為1 并在該文件中添加下面的內(nèi)容 # # service performance data # service_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata service_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::SERVICEPERFDATA TIMET::$TIMET$ HOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$ SERVICEDESC::$SERVICEDESC$ SERVICEPERFDATA::$SERVICEPERFDATA$ SERVICECHECKCOMMAND::$SERVICECHECKCOMMAND$ HOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$ HOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$ SERVICESTATE::$SERVICESTATE$ SERVICESTATETYPE::$SERVICESTATETYPE$ service_perfdata_file_mode=a service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15 service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file # # host performance data starting with Nagios # host_perfdata_file=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata host_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::HOSTPERFDATA TIMET::$TIMET$ HOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$ HOSTPERFDATA::$HOSTPERFDATA$ HOSTCHECKCOMMAND::$HOSTCHECKCOMMAND$ HOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$ HOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$ host_perfdata_file_mode=a host_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15 host_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-host-perfdata-file
配置command.cfg
[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
在該文件中添加下面的內(nèi)容
define command{
command_name process-service-perfdata-file
command_line /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata
}
define command{
command_name process-host-perfdata-file
command_line /usr/local/pnp4nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl --bulk=/usr/local/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata
}
在模板配置文件中添加圖表圖標(biāo)模板：
[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
在該文件中添加下面的內(nèi)容
define host {
name host-pnp
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_
register 0
}
define service {
name service-pnp
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$
register 0
}
在監(jiān)控主機(jī)和服務(wù)中調(diào)用圖表模板（在主機(jī)和服務(wù)后面添加新的模板）：
[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
主機(jī)內(nèi)容修改如下
###########172.16.0.18##################
define host {
use linux-server,host-pnp
host_name nagios
alias nagios
address 172.16.0.18
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 3
normal_check_interval 2
retry_check_interval 2
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 300
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
contact_groups admins
process_perf_data 1
}
###########172.16.0.18##################
define host {
use linux-server,host-pnp
host_name client1
alias client1
address 172.16.0.20
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 3
normal_check_interval 2
retry_check_interval 2
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 300
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
contact_groups admins
process_perf_data 1
}
[root@nagios check_commands]# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
服務(wù)內(nèi)容修改如下
###########172.16.0.18##################
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name nagios
service_description Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load #這里的check_nrpe不是服務(wù)端/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe,而是command.cfg里定義的命令
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name nagios
service_description Disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name nagios
service_description memory
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name nagios
service_description Ping
check_command check-ping!172.16.0.18
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name nagios
service_description port_3306
check_command check-tcp!3306
}
###########172.16.0.20##################
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name client1
service_description Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name client1
service_description Disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name client1
service_description memory
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name client1
service_description Ping
check_command check-ping!172.16.0.20
}
define service{
use generic-service,service-pnp
host_name client1
service_description port_3306
check_command check-tcp!3306
}
圖表展示
重啟nagios和apache
[root@nagios check_commands]# /etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig [root@nagios check_commands]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart [root@nagios check_commands]# systemctl restart httpd
訪問nagios界面即可看到圖表小圖標(biāo)：
點(diǎn)擊圖標(biāo)會(huì)顯示pnp4nagios測試頁面：
全是綠色代表配置正常，如果不是全綠，要逐個(gè)解決錯(cuò)誤。然后移除或修改install.php文件：
[root@nagios ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/pnp4nagios/share/install.php
再次點(diǎn)擊圖標(biāo)就會(huì)顯示當(dāng)前監(jiān)控服務(wù)由pnp4nagios生成的圖表了
查看sendmail郵件系統(tǒng)是否安裝
[root@nagios ~]# rpm -qa|grep sendmail
如果沒有安裝，可以yum安裝一下
[root@nagios ~]# yum -y install sendmail
啟動(dòng)sendmail
[root@nagios ~]# systemctl enable sendmail [root@nagios ~]# systemctl start sendmail
測試發(fā)送郵件：
[root@nagios ~]# echo "test" | mail zhengxinlei@test.com.cn
發(fā)送外部郵件的時(shí)候，這種本地形式的發(fā)件人和發(fā)件地址容易被誤認(rèn)為垃圾郵件而拒收。
我們這里定義郵件發(fā)送smtp信息。
首先安裝mailx12.5
wget http://fossies.org/linux/misc/old/mailx-12.5.tar.gz tar zxf mailx-12.5.tar.gz cd mailx-12.5 make make install UCBINSTALL=/usr/bin/install mv /bin/mail /bin/mail_old ln -s /usr/local/bin/mailx /bin/mail mail -V
接下來配置外部smtp發(fā)件信息
vi /etc/nail.rc 添加如下內(nèi)容： set bsdcompat set from=yunwei@yasn.com.cn set smtp=smtp.yasn.com.cn set smtp-auth-user=yunwei@yasn.com.cn set smtp-auth-password=123456 set smtp-auth=login
測試郵件發(fā)送
echo "mail content"|mail -s test zhengxinlei@test.com.cn
發(fā)送郵件測試，可以看到發(fā)件人是我們設(shè)定的外部郵件發(fā)件人
編輯contacts.cfg，定義郵件聯(lián)系人和組
[root@nagios ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
[root@nagios objects]# ls
commands.cfg localhost.cfg~ services.cfg templates.cfg hosts.cfg printer.cfg
switch.cfg windows.cfg contacts.cfg localhost.cfg timeperiods.cfg
[root@nagios objects]# vi contacts.cfg // 修改內(nèi)容如下
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin ; Short name of user
use generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)
alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user
#email nagios@localhost ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
email 3166@vip.qq.com,xinlei@126.com
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name admins
alias Nagios Administrators
members nagiosadmin
}
編輯commands.cfg文件，定義郵件發(fā)送命令
[root@nagios objects]# vi commands.cfg // 查看下面內(nèi)容是否存在，不存在則添加
# "notify-host-by-email" command definition
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios ***** Notification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host: $HOSTNAME$ State: $HOSTSTATE$ Address: $HOSTADDRESS$ Info: $HOSTOUTPUT$ Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$ " | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
# "notify-service-by-email" command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios ***** Notification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service: $SERVICEDESC$ Host: $HOSTALIAS$ Address: $HOSTADDRESS$ State: $SERVICESTATE$ Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$ Additional Info: $SERVICEOUTPUT$ " | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
修改一下監(jiān)控的閥值，模擬報(bào)警。
重啟nagios服務(wù)和sendmail服務(wù)
[root@nagios ~]# systemctl restart nagios [root@nagios ~]# systemctl stop sendmail [root@nagios ~]# ps -ef|grep sendmail [root@nagios ~]# systemctl start sendmail [root@nagios ~]# ps -ef|grep sendmail
查看報(bào)警的郵件，來幾張圖吧：
這是報(bào)警恢復(fù)后的郵件：
ok，搞定了。
常見郵件發(fā)送報(bào)錯(cuò)：
報(bào)錯(cuò)1
解決方法：
修改hosts為域名形式
[root@nagios objects]# cat /etc/hosts 172.16.0.18 nagios nagios.com
報(bào)錯(cuò)2（發(fā)送外部郵件的時(shí)候，這種本地形式的發(fā)件人和發(fā)件地址容易被誤認(rèn)為垃圾郵件而拒收。）
解決方法，見上面配置mail發(fā)件人smtp信息。
監(jiān)視物理組件的高級 Linux 命令（僅供參考）
內(nèi)存：top free、vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar
CPU：top vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar
I/O：vmstat、mpstat、iostat、sar
進(jìn)程：ipcs、ipcrm
負(fù)載：uptime
#############nagios-server-install######################## mkdir /software/ # mv nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz /software/ cd /software/ wget https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/releases/nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pnp4nagios/PNP-0.6/pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz yum -y install httpd httpd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel perl-devel perl-CPAN fcgi perl-FCGI perl-FCGI-ProcManager tar zxvf nagios-4.3.1.tar.gz cd nagios-4.3.1/ useradd nagios -s /sbin/nologin id www groupadd nagcmd usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios usermod -a -G nagcmd www id -n -G nagios id -n -G www ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd make all make install-init make install-commandmode make install-config make install sleep 2 cp -R contrib/eventhandlers/ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg make install-webconf echo "nagios:$apr1$UigX6LG0$29RugFJZTSxRjnX4NIH3E0" > /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users sed -i "s/Listen 80/Listen 8080/g" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sed -i "s/User apache/User www/g" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sed -i "s/Group apache/Group www/g" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sed -i "s/DirectoryIndex index.html/DirectoryIndex index.php index.html/g" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf grep "Listen" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf grep "User" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf grep "Group" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf grep "DirectoryIndex" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf cd /software/php-7.1.4/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --with-apxs2 make && make install sleep 1 cd /etc/httpd/ ll /etc/httpd/modules/libphp7.so systemctl start httpd systemctl enable httpd chkconfig nagios on /etc/init.d/nagios start cd /software/ tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/ ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagcmd --enable-perl-modules make && make install cd /software/ tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz cd nrpe-3.1.0/ ./configure make all make install-plugin make install-daemon make install-daemon-config cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local netstat -lnput|grep 5666 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost #######################nagios-client-install########################### mkdir /software/ # mv nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz /software/ cd /software/ wget https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-3.x/nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz yum install perl-devel perl-CPAN -y useradd nagios -M -s /sbin/nologin tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1/ ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules make && make install sleep 1 cd .. tar zxvf nrpe-3.1.0.tar.gz cd nrpe-3.1.0/ ./configure make all make install-plugin make install-daemon make install-daemon-config mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/ cp sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -d -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg" >> /etc/rc.local chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local netstat -lnput|grep 5666 sed -i "s/allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1/allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1,172.16.0.1/g" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg sed -i "s/^command[check/#command[check/g" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg cat >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg << EOF # my custom monitor items command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -r -w .15,.10,.05 -c .30,.25,.20 command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p / command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem.pl -w 90% -c 95% command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10% EOF /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_disk
總結(jié)：
多多查看nagios日志和mail日志，進(jìn)行排錯(cuò)。
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摘要：或參考集成安裝文檔通過微信報(bào)警提供腳本命令插件，通過新增用戶通知的方式，調(diào)用命令將告警通知發(fā)送至云告警平臺，根據(jù)通知策略，分派和通知到用戶，提供微信短信電話和郵件方式。 引言 Nagios 作為業(yè)界非常強(qiáng)大的一款開源監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)。 監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)（SMTP、POP3、HTTP、NNTP、PING 等）； 監(jiān)控主機(jī)資源（處理器負(fù)荷、磁盤利用率等）； 簡單地插件設(shè)計(jì)使得用戶可以方便地?cái)U(kuò)展自己服...
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