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譯者：smallclover
個人翻譯，水平有限，如有錯誤歡迎指出，謝謝！

過濾模式或者標準模式能通過邏輯操作，開發者可以以松耦合的方式通過使用不同的標準和過濾鏈來過濾一組對象。這種類型的設計模式來源于結構模式，它通過組合多種不同的標準來獲得單一的標準。

我們將創建一個Person對象以及Criteria接口。并且創建實現Criteria接口的具體類，這些具體類負責過濾Person對象列表。CriteriaPatternDemo，我們的demo類使用criteria對象基于不同的標準以及它們的組合來過濾Person對象列表

創建一個標準的應用類
Person.java

public class Person {
    
   private String name;
   private String gender;
   private String maritalStatus;

   public Person(String name, String gender, String maritalStatus){
      this.name = name;
      this.gender = gender;
      this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;        
   }

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public String getGender() {
      return gender;
   }
   public String getMaritalStatus() {
      return maritalStatus;
   }    
}

創建一個Criteria接口
Criteria.java

import java.util.List;

public interface Criteria {
   public List meetCriteria(List persons);
}

創建具體類實現Criteria接口

譯者注：
CriteriaMale類 根據Male標準過濾
CriteriaFemale類 根據Female標準過濾
CriteriaSingle類 根據Single標準過濾
AndCriteria類組合兩種標準criteria, otherCriteria，同時滿足兩個標準的Person對象會被過濾出來。
OrCriteria類組合兩種標準criteria, otherCriteria，滿足otherCriteria基礎之上，選擇性的滿足criteria標準，過濾Person對象

CriteriaMale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {
   @Override
   public List meetCriteria(List persons) {
      List malePersons = new ArrayList(); 
      
      for (Person person : persons) {
         if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
            malePersons.add(person);
         }
      }
      return malePersons;
   }
}

CriteriaFemale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {
   @Override
   public List meetCriteria(List persons) {
      List femalePersons = new ArrayList(); 
      
      for (Person person : persons) {
         if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){
            femalePersons.add(person);
         }
      }
      return femalePersons;
   }
}

CriteriaSingle.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {

   @Override
   public List meetCriteria(List persons) {
      List single  -Persons = new ArrayList(); 
      
      for (Person person : persons) {
         if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
            singlePersons.add(person);
         }
      }
      return singlePersons;
   }
}

AndCriteria.java

import java.util.List;

public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {

   private Criteria criteria;
   private Criteria otherCriteria;

   public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
      this.criteria = criteria;
      this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria; 
   }

   @Override
   public List meetCriteria(List persons) {
   
      List firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);        
      return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
   }
}

OrCriteria.java

import java.util.List;

public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {

   private Criteria criteria;
   private Criteria otherCriteria;

   public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
      this.criteria = criteria;
      this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria; 
   }

   @Override
   public List meetCriteria(List persons) {
      List firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
      List otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);

      for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
         if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
            firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
         }
      }    
      return firstCriteriaItems;
   }
}

使用不同的標準以及它們的組合來篩選對象
CriteriaPatternDemo.java

public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      List persons = new ArrayList();

      persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("John", "Male", "Married"));
      persons.add(new Person("Laura", "Female", "Married"));
      persons.add(new Person("Diana", "Female", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("Mike", "Male", "Single"));
      persons.add(new Person("Bobby", "Male", "Single"));

      Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
      Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
      Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
      Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
      Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);

      System.out.println("Males: ");
      printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));

      System.out.println("
Females: ");
      printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));

      System.out.println("
Single Males: ");
      printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));

      System.out.println("
Single Or Females: ");
      printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
   }

   public static void printPersons(List persons){
   
      for (Person person : persons) {
         System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName() + ", Gender : " + person.getGender() + ", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus() + " ]");
      }
   }      
}

確認輸出

Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : John, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Females: 
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Or Females: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]

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