摘要：入門項目創建和創建準備環境項目創建創建進入項目路徑創建路由文件項目結構如下項目注冊在此處注冊項目路由注冊注冊的此時，一個完整的流程就好了修改的路由寫一個視圖函數函數視圖的定義

準備環境

python3 
virtualenv
pip3
pip3 install django==1.1

項目創建,APP創建

django-admin startproject ops
cd ops
python3 manage.py startapp darshboard
cd darshboard #進入項目路徑
touch urls.py #創建路由文件

項目結構如下：

ops/
|-- darshboard
| |-- admin.py
| |-- apps.py
| |-- __init__.py
| |-- migrations
| |-- models.py
| |-- tests.py
| |-- urls.py
| `-- views.py
|-- db.sqlite3
|-- manage.py
`-- ops
    |-- __init__.py
    |-- settings.py
    |-- urls.py
    `-- wsgi.py

項目注冊

# vim ops/ops/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "darshboard.apps.DarshboardConfig" #在此處注冊darshboard項目
]

路由注冊

# vim ops/ops/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^admin/", admin.site.urls),
    url(r"^darshboard/",include("darshboard.urls")), #注冊app的urls
]

此時，一個完整的流程就好了

# vim ops/darshboard/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import index

urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^hello/", index,name="index"),
]

函數視圖的定義：
a. 就是一個普通函數
b. 接收一個HttpRequest實例作為第一個參數
c. 然后返回一個HttpResponse的實例

# vim ops/darshboard/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("hello world")

啟動項目

python manage.py runserver 0:8080

訪問：

打開本地瀏覽器輸入：

http://211.159.156.251:8080/darshboard/hello/

即可訪問！

由Django創建

屬性如下：

HttpRequest.scheme
HttpRequest.body
HttpRequest.path
HttpRequest.method
HttpRequest.encoding
HttpRequest.GET
HttpRequest.POST
HttpRequest.META

方法如下：

HttpRequest.get_host()
HttpRequest.get_port()
HttpRequest.get_full_path()
HttpRequest.is_secure()
HttpRequest.is_ajax()

傳遞一個字符串作為頁面的內容到HttpResponse構造函數

from django.http import HttpResponse
response = HttpResponse("here is the web page")
response = HttpResponse("Text only .please,content_type="text/plain")

參考的views如下

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
import json
def index(request):
    data = {
        "name":"wanghui",
        "age":20
    }
    data_1 = ["devops","python"]
    #return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data),content_type="application/json")   #返回的content-typet
    #return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data_1),content_type="application/json")
    return JsonResponse(data_1,safe=False)
    # return HttpResponse("Hello World!!",status=599)

為了讓數據更加美觀。

GET請求與傳參

- method
- GET

POST提交數據

方法練習

#  python manage.py shell
>>> from django.http import QueryDict
>>> data = QueryDict("a=12&a=123&b=233")
>>> data.urlencode()
"a=12&a=123&b=233"

官方給出的數據庫連接設置

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

數據庫同步相關命令

python manage.py showmigrations
python manage.py sqlmigrate sessions 0001
python manage.py dbshell   # 進入shell模式

django-shell創建用戶

# 方式一：
(venv3) [wanghui@www ops]$ python manage.py shell
Python 3.6.1 (default, Jun 22 2018, 18:25:52) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User
>>> User.objects.create_user("rock","12272@qq.com","123456")   #創建普通用戶
>>> u = User.objects.get(username="rock")     #查找用戶
>>> u.set_password("654321")       #修改密碼
>>> u.save()                                   #保存
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 方式二：
(venv3) [wanghui@www ops]$ python manage.py createsupperuser

重點在于對函數視圖的練習

darshboard/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse,QueryDict
from django.template import loader,Context,Template
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import login,authenticate

def user_login(request):
    # print(request.GET)
    # 獲取提交過來的用戶名&密碼
    if request.method == "GET":     #get請求的話，就直接返回頁面
        return render(request, "user_login.html")
    elif request.method == "POST":  #post就要獲取用戶名和密碼
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("password")
    # 根據用戶名取出這個記錄是否存在
        user_obj = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
        if user_obj:
            login(request,user_obj)
            print("登陸成功!")
        else:
            print("登陸失?。?)
    elif request.method == "DELETE":      # 通過delete方法獲取請求體
        data = QueryDict(request.body)    # 獲取delete的請求體
        print(data)
    return HttpResponse("")

darshboard/urls.py #指定路由

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from .views import index,index_template,index_methods,user_login
urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^user_login",user_login)
]

darshboard/user_login.html

    
   
        
用戶名：
        
密碼：
        

    

關于delete方法的請求方式

在linux本地機器上執行：
curl -XDELETE http://127.0.0.1:8080/darshboard/user_login/ -d username=rock -d password=654321