python爬蟲如何爬知乎的話題？

SimpleTriangle 發(fā)布于2019-07-30 15:21 / 2731人閱讀

摘要：有什么不懂得麻煩去去轉(zhuǎn)盤網(wǎng)找我，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)也是我開發(fā)的，上面會(huì)及時(shí)更新群號(hào)，這里不留號(hào)啥的，以免被系統(tǒng)給了。

因?yàn)橐鲇^點(diǎn)，觀點(diǎn)的屋子類似于知乎的話題，所以得想辦法把他給爬下來，搞了半天最終還是妥妥的搞定了，代碼是python寫的，不懂得麻煩自學(xué)哈！懂得直接看代碼，絕對(duì)可用

#coding:utf-8
"""
@author:haoning
@create time:2015.8.5
"""
from __future__ import division  # 精確除法
from Queue import Queue
from __builtin__ import False
import json
import os
import re
import platform
import uuid
import urllib
import urllib2
import sys
import time
import MySQLdb as mdb
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding( "utf-8" )

headers = {
   "User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0",
   "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
   "X-Requested-With":"XMLHttpRequest",
   "Referer":"https://www.zhihu.com/topics",
   "Cookie":"__utma=51854390.517069884.1416212035.1416212035.1416212035.1; q_c1=c02bf44d00d240798bfabcfc95baeb56|1455778173000|1416205243000; _za=b1c8ae35-f986-46a2-b24a-cb9359dc6b2a; aliyungf_tc=AQAAAJ1m71jL1woArKqF22VFnL/wRy6C; _xsrf=9d494558f9271340ab24598d85b2a3c8; cap_id="MDNiMjcwM2U0MTRhNDVmYjgxZWVhOWI0NTA2OGU5OTg=|1455864276|2a4ce8247ebd3c0df5393bb5661713ad9eec01dd"; n_c=1; _alicdn_sec=56c6ba4d556557d27a0f8c876f563d12a285f33a"
}

DB_HOST = "127.0.0.1"
DB_USER = "root"
DB_PASS = "root"

queue= Queue() #接收隊(duì)列
nodeSet=set()
keywordSet=set()
stop=0
offset=-20
level=0
maxLevel=7
counter=0
base=""

conn = mdb.connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS, "zhihu", charset="utf8")
conn.autocommit(False)
curr = conn.cursor()

def get_html(url):
    try:
        req = urllib2.Request(url)
        response = urllib2.urlopen(req,None,3) #在這里應(yīng)該加入代理
        html = response.read()
        return html
    except:
        pass
    return None

def getTopics():
    url = "https://www.zhihu.com/topics"
    print url
    try:
        req = urllib2.Request(url)
        response = urllib2.urlopen(req) #鍦ㄨ繖閲屽簲璇ュ姞鍏ヤ唬鐞?
        html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
        print html
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
        lis = soup.find_all("li", {"class" : "zm-topic-cat-item"})
        
        for li in lis:
            data_id=li.get("data-id")
            name=li.text
            curr.execute("select id from classify_new where name=%s",(name))
            y= curr.fetchone()
            if not y:
                curr.execute("INSERT INTO classify_new(data_id,name)VALUES(%s,%s)",(data_id,name))
        conn.commit()
    except Exception as e:
        print "get topic error",e
        

def get_extension(name):  
    where=name.rfind(".")
    if where!=-1:
        return name[where:len(name)]
    return None


def which_platform():
    sys_str = platform.system()
    return sys_str

def GetDateString():
    when=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d",time.localtime(time.time()))
    foldername = str(when)
    return foldername 

def makeDateFolder(par,classify):
    try:
        if os.path.isdir(par):
            newFolderName=par + "http://" + GetDateString() + "http://"  +str(classify)
            if which_platform()=="Linux":
                newFolderName=par + "/" + GetDateString() + "/" +str(classify)
            if not os.path.isdir( newFolderName ):
                os.makedirs( newFolderName )
            return newFolderName
        else:
            return None 
    except Exception,e:
        print "kk",e
    return None 

def download_img(url,classify):
    try:
        extention=get_extension(url)
        if(extention is None):
            return None
        req = urllib2.Request(url)
        resp = urllib2.urlopen(req,None,3)
        dataimg=resp.read()
        name=str(uuid.uuid1()).replace("-","")+"_www.guandn.com"+extention
        top="E://topic_pic"
        folder=makeDateFolder(top, classify)
        filename=None
        if folder is not None:
            filename  =folder+"http://"+name
        try:
            if "e82bab09c_m" in str(url):
                return True
            if not os.path.exists(filename):
                file_object = open(filename,"w+b")
                file_object.write(dataimg)
                file_object.close()
                return "/room/default/"+GetDateString()+"/"+str(classify)+"/"+name
            else:
                print "file exist"
                return None
        except IOError,e1:
            print "e1=",e1
            pass
    except Exception as e:
        print "eee",e
        pass
    return None #如果沒有下載下來就利用原來網(wǎng)站的鏈接

def getChildren(node,name):
    global queue,nodeSet
    try:
        url="https://www.zhihu.com/topic/"+str(node)+"/hot"
        html=get_html(url)
        if html is None:
            return
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
        p_ch="父話題"
        node_name=soup.find("div", {"id" : "zh-topic-title"}).find("h1").text
        topic_cla=soup.find("div", {"class" : "child-topic"})
        if topic_cla is not None:
            try:
                p_ch=str(topic_cla.text)
                aList = soup.find_all("a", {"class" : "zm-item-tag"}) #獲取所有子節(jié)點(diǎn)
                if u"子話題" in p_ch:
                    for a in aList:
                        token=a.get("data-token")
                        a=str(a).replace("
","").replace("	","").replace("
","")
                        start=str(a).find(">")
                        end=str(a).rfind("")
                        new_node=str(str(a)[start+1:end])
                        curr.execute("select id from rooms where name=%s",(new_node)) #先保證名字絕不相同
                        y= curr.fetchone()
                        if not y:
                            print "y=",y,"new_node=",new_node,"token=",token
                            queue.put((token,new_node,node_name))
            except Exception as e:
                print "add queue error",e
    except Exception as e:
        print "get html error",e
        
    

def getContent(n,name,p,top_id):
    try:
        global counter
        curr.execute("select id from rooms where name=%s",(name)) #先保證名字絕不相同
        y= curr.fetchone()
        print "exist?? ",y,"n=",n
        if not y:
            url="https://www.zhihu.com/topic/"+str(n)+"/hot"
            html=get_html(url)
            if html is None:
                return
            soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
            title=soup.find("div", {"id" : "zh-topic-title"}).find("h1").text
            pic_path=soup.find("a",{"id":"zh-avartar-edit-form"}).find("img").get("src")
            description=soup.find("div",{"class":"zm-editable-content"})
            if description is not None:
                description=description.text
                
            if (u"未歸類" in title or u"根話題" in title): #允許入庫，避免死循環(huán)
                description=None
                
            tag_path=download_img(pic_path,top_id)
            print "tag_path=",tag_path
            if (tag_path is not None) or tag_path==True:
                if tag_path==True:
                    tag_path=None
                father_id=2 #默認(rèn)為雜談
                curr.execute("select id from rooms where name=%s",(p))
                results = curr.fetchall()
                for r in results:
                    father_id=r[0]
                name=title
                curr.execute("select id from rooms where name=%s",(name)) #先保證名字絕不相同
                y= curr.fetchone()
                print "store see..",y
                if not y:
                    friends_num=0
                    temp = time.time()
                    x = time.localtime(float(temp))
                    create_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",x) # get time now
                    create_time
                    creater_id=None
                    room_avatar=tag_path
                    is_pass=1
                    has_index=0
                    reason_id=None  
                    #print father_id,name,friends_num,create_time,creater_id,room_avatar,is_pass,has_index,reason_id
                    ######################有資格入庫的內(nèi)容
                    counter=counter+1
                    curr.execute("INSERT INTO rooms(father_id,name,friends_num,description,create_time,creater_id,room_avatar,is_pass,has_index,reason_id)VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)",(father_id,name,friends_num,description,create_time,creater_id,room_avatar,is_pass,has_index,reason_id))
                    conn.commit() #必須時(shí)時(shí)進(jìn)入數(shù)據(jù)庫，不然找不到父節(jié)點(diǎn)
                    if counter % 200==0:
                        print "current node",name,"num",counter
    except Exception as e:
        print "get content error",e       

def work():
    global queue
    curr.execute("select id,node,parent,name from classify where status=1")
    results = curr.fetchall()
    for r in results:
        top_id=r[0]
        node=r[1]
        parent=r[2]
        name=r[3]
        try:
            queue.put((node,name,parent)) #首先放入隊(duì)列
            while queue.qsize() >0:
                n,p=queue.get() #頂節(jié)點(diǎn)出隊(duì)
                getContent(n,p,top_id)
                getChildren(n,name) #出隊(duì)內(nèi)容的子節(jié)點(diǎn)
            conn.commit()
        except Exception as e:
            print "what"s wrong",e  
            
def new_work():
    global queue
    curr.execute("select id,data_id,name from classify_new_copy where status=1")
    results = curr.fetchall()
    for r in results:
        top_id=r[0]
        data_id=r[1]
        name=r[2]
        try:
            get_topis(data_id,name,top_id)
        except:
            pass


def get_topis(data_id,name,top_id):
    global queue
    url = "https://www.zhihu.com/node/TopicsPlazzaListV2"
    isGet = True;
    offset = -20;
    data_id=str(data_id)
    while isGet:
        offset = offset + 20
        values = {"method": "next", "params": "{"topic_id":"+data_id+","offset":"+str(offset)+","hash_id":""}"}
        try:
            msg=None
            try:
                data = urllib.urlencode(values)
                request = urllib2.Request(url,data,headers)
                response = urllib2.urlopen(request,None,5)
                html=response.read().decode("utf-8")
                json_str = json.loads(html)
                ms=json_str["msg"]
                if len(ms) <5:
                    break
                msg=ms[0]
            except Exception as e:
                print "eeeee",e
            #print msg
            if msg is not None:
                soup = BeautifulSoup(str(msg))
                blks = soup.find_all("div", {"class" : "blk"})
                for blk in blks:
                    page=blk.find("a").get("href")
                    if page is not None:
                        node=page.replace("/topic/","") #將更多的種子入庫
                        parent=name
                        ne=blk.find("strong").text
                        try:
                            queue.put((node,ne,parent)) #首先放入隊(duì)列
                            while queue.qsize() >0:
                                n,name,p=queue.get() #頂節(jié)點(diǎn)出隊(duì)
                                size=queue.qsize()
                                if size > 0:
                                    print size
                                getContent(n,name,p,top_id)
                                getChildren(n,name) #出隊(duì)內(nèi)容的子節(jié)點(diǎn)
                            conn.commit()
                        except Exception as e:
                            print "what"s wrong",e  
        except urllib2.URLError, e:
            print "error is",e
            pass 
            
        
if __name__ == "__main__":
    i=0
    while i<400:
        new_work()
        i=i+1

說下數(shù)據(jù)庫的問題，我這里就不傳附件了，看字段自己建立，因?yàn)檫@確實(shí)太簡單了，我是用的mysql，你看自己的需求自己建。

有什么不懂得麻煩去去轉(zhuǎn)盤網(wǎng)找我，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)也是我開發(fā)的，上面會(huì)及時(shí)更新qq群號(hào)，這里不留qq號(hào)啥的，以免被系統(tǒng)給K了。