資訊專欄INFORMATION COLUMN
摘要：背景上的一道原題，通過格式劃字符串精簡了代碼結構，省去了很多條件判斷語句。題目描述解題思路題目是很簡單的，關鍵是如何優雅地完成是否在當前時間單位后添加和或者，我的代碼里運用了很多語句。代碼感想表達式真是一個神器。
背景
CodeWar上的一道原題，通過格式劃字符串精簡了代碼結構，省去了很多條件判斷語句。
題目描述Your task in order to complete this Kata is to write a function which formats a duration, given as a number of seconds, in a human-friendly way.
The function must accept a non-negative integer. If it is zero, it just returns "now". Otherwise, the duration is expressed as a combination of years, days, hours, minutes and seconds.
It is much easier to understand with an example:
format_duration(62) # returns "1 minute and 2 seconds"
format_duration(3662) # returns "1 hour, 1 minute and 2 seconds"
Note that spaces are important.
Detailed rulesThe resulting expression is made of components like 4 seconds, 1 year, etc. In general, a positive integer and one of the valid units of time, separated by a space. The unit of time is used in plural if the integer is greater than 1.
The components are separated by a comma and a space (", "). Except the last component, which is separated by " and ", just like it would be written in English.
A more significant units of time will occur before than a least significant one. Therefore, 1 second and 1 year is not correct, but 1 year and 1 second is.
Different components have different unit of times. So there is not repeated units like in 5 seconds and 1 second.
A component will not appear at all if its value happens to be zero. Hence, 1 minute and 0 seconds is not valid, but it should be just 1 minute.
A unit of time must be used "as much as possible". It means that the function should not return 61 seconds, but 1 minute and 1 second instead. Formally, the duration specified by of a component must not be greater than any valid more significant unit of time.
For the purpose of this Kata, a year is 365 days and a day is 24 hours.
解題思路題目是很簡單的，關鍵是如何優雅地完成是否在當前時間單位后添加"s"和","或者"and"，我的代碼里運用了很多
true_value if condition else false_value
語句。
代碼def format_duration(seconds):
if seconds == 0: return "now"
origin = seconds
dic = {
"year": 60 * 60 * 24 * 365,
"day": 60 * 60 * 24,
"hour": 60 * 60,
"minute": 60,
"second": 1
}
spent = {}
ans = ""
for x in ["year","day","hour","minute","second"]:
spent[x] = seconds // dic[x]
ans += "{}{} {}{}".format("" if seconds == origin else " and " if seconds % dic[x] == 0 else ", ",spent[x],x,"s" if spent[x] > 1 else "") if spent[x] > 0 else ""
seconds %= dic[x]
return ans
感想
if else 表達式真是一個神器。
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