initdb -A trust -D /data/pg140 -E utf8 -k -U postgres -W --wal-segsize=1024

user:postgres@db:postgres[[local]:5432]#select * from pg_stat_replication ;
+-[ RECORD 1 ]-----+-------------------------------+
| pid | 15236                         |
| usesysid | 16384 |
| usename | replic |
| application_name | walreceiver |
| client_addr | 192.168.229.121               |
| client_hostname | NULL |
| client_port | 46028                         |
| backend_start | 2021-08-11 10:30:16.978079+08 |
| backend_xmin | 499                           |
| state | streaming |
| sent_lsn | 3/800000D8 |
| write_lsn | 3/800000D8 |
| flush_lsn | 3/800000D8 |
| replay_lsn | 3/800000D8 |
| write_lag | NULL |
| flush_lag | NULL |
| replay_lag | NULL |
| sync_priority | 0 |
| sync_state | async |
| reply_time | 2021-08-11 10:31:47.648992+08 |
+------------------+-------------------------------+

pg_ctl stop -D $PGDATA

[postgres@PG-1 pg133]$ /opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/pg_upgrade -b /opt/pgsql/pg133/bin/ -B /opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/ -d /data/pg133 -D /data/pg140 -j 8 -p 5432 -P 5433 -c
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking database connection settings                       ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for system-defined composite types in user tables  ok
Checking for reg* data types in user tables                 ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch ok
Checking for user-defined encoding conversions ok
Checking for user-defined postfix operators ok
Checking for presence of required libraries ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for new cluster tablespace directories ok
*Clusters are compatible*

[postgres@PG-1 pg133]$ /opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/pg_upgrade -b /opt/pgsql/pg133/bin/ -B /opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/ -d /data/pg133 -D /data/pg140 -j 8 -p 5432 -P 5433
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking database connection settings                       ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for system-defined composite types in user tables  ok
Checking for reg* data types in user tables                 ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch ok
Checking for user-defined encoding conversions ok
Checking for user-defined postfix operators ok
Creating dump of global objects ok
Creating dump of database schemas
ok
Checking for presence of required libraries ok
Checking database user is the install user                  ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for new cluster tablespace directories ok
If pg_upgrade fails after this point, you must re-initdb the
new cluster before continuing.
Performing Upgrade
------------------
Analyzing all rows in the new cluster ok
Freezing all rows in the new cluster ok
Deleting files from new pg_xact ok
Copying old pg_xact to new server                           ok
Setting next transaction ID and epoch for new cluster
ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/offsets ok
Copying old pg_multixact/offsets to new server              ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/members ok
Copying old pg_multixact/members to new server              ok
Setting next multixact ID and offset for new cluster ok
Resetting WAL archives ok
Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster ok
Restoring global objects in the new cluster ok
Restoring database schemas in the new cluster
ok
Copying user relation files
ok
Setting next OID for new cluster ok
Sync data directory to disk ok
Creating script to delete old cluster ok
Upgrade Complete
----------------
Optimizer statistics are not transferred by pg_upgrade.
Once you start the new server, consider running:
/opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/vacuumdb --all --analyze-in-stages
Running this script will delete the old clusters data files:
./delete_old_cluster.sh

/opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/pg_ctl start -D /data/pg140
/opt/pgsql/pg140/bin/vacuumdb --all --analyze-in-stages

rsync -avz postgres@192.168.229.129:/data/pg140 /data

user:postgres@db:postgres[[local]:5432]#select * from pg_stat_replication;
+-[ RECORD 1 ]-----+-------------------------------+
| pid | 15980                         |
| usesysid | 16384 |
| usename | replic |
| application_name | walreceiver |
| client_addr | 192.168.229.121               |
| client_hostname | NULL |
| client_port | 46122                         |
| backend_start | 2021-08-11 11:23:38.478461+08 |
| backend_xmin | NULL |
| state | streaming |
| sent_lsn | 5/2ABF20                      |
| write_lsn | 5/2ABF20 |
| flush_lsn | 5/2ABF20                      |
| replay_lsn | 5/2ABF20 |
| write_lag | 00:00:00.000595 |
| flush_lag | 00:00:00.000982 |
| replay_lag | 00:00:00.001227               |
| sync_priority | 0 |
| sync_state | async |
| reply_time | 2021-08-11 11:23:51.450434+08 |
+------------------+-------------------------------+