摘要：編碼為添加交互編寫測試在包中新建測試類進行測試測試文件上點右鍵測試就可以了。稍后會看到手機自動運行，并按照測試代碼中寫的進行自動測試。

單元測試

UI 測試

原文鏈接： Unit and UI Testing in Android Studio

配置

編碼

測試

2.1.1 IDE 配置
Build Variants => Test Artifact => Android Instrumentation Tests

2.1.2 build.gradle

apply plugin: "com.android.application"

android {
    compileSdkVersion 22
    buildToolsVersion "22.0.1"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.testing.testingexample"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 22
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        //ADD THIS LINE:
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro"
        }
    }

    //ADD THESE LINES:
    packagingOptions {
        exclude "LICENSE.txt"
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: "libs", include: ["*.jar"])
    compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.0.0" //← MAKE SURE IT’S 22.0.0
    testCompile "junit:junit:4.12"

    //ADD THESE LINES:
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test:runner:0.2"
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test:rules:0.2"
    androidTestCompile "com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1"
}

重要：由于一些依賴版本沖突，你需要確認com.android.support:appcompat-v7庫的版本號是22.0.0，像上面的代碼片段一樣。

2.2.1 為 app 添加交互

activity_main.xml

MainActivity.java

public void sayHello(View v){
    TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
    EditText editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
    textView.setText("Hello, " + editText.getText().toString() + "!");
}

2.2.2 編寫測試

在 androidTest 包中新建測試類
MainActivityInstrumentationTest.java

import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.LargeTest;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class MainActivityInstrumentationTest {

    private static final String STRING_TO_BE_TYPED = "Peter";

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(
        MainActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void sayHello(){
        onView(withId(R.id.editText)).perform(typeText(STRING_TO_BE_TYPED), closeSoftKeyboard()); //line 1

        onView(withText("Say hello!")).perform(click()); //line 2

        String expectedText = "Hello, " + STRING_TO_BE_TYPED + "!";
        onView(withId(R.id.textView)).check(matches(withText(expectedText))); //line 3
    }

}

測試文件上點右鍵 Run 測試就可以了。
稍后會看到手機自動運行 app，并按照測試代碼中寫的進行自動測試。