關(guān)于Spring Boot你不得不知道的事--Spring Boot的基本操作

fancyLuo 發(fā)布于2019-08-19 11:47 / 3470人閱讀

摘要：版本和編碼方式依賴管理這樣比如使用的時候就不需要指定版本號使用自己的項目這時候?qū)⒁蕾嚬芾淼膯栴}放到中。

1 Pom文件
1.1 spring-boot-starter-parent
表示當(dāng)前pom文件從spring-boot-starter-parent繼承下來，在spring-boot-starter-parent中提供了很多默認(rèn)配置，可以簡化我們的開發(fā)。

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.1.4.RELEASE

Java版本和編碼方式

UTF-8
1.8
@
${java.version}
UTF-8
${java.version}

依賴管理spring-boot-dependencies

5.15.9
2.7.7
1.9.73
2.6.4
...

這樣比如使用starter-web的時候就不需要指定版本號

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
2.1.4.RELEASE

使用自己的parent項目
這時候?qū)⒁蕾嚬芾淼膯栴}放到dependencyManagement中。

官網(wǎng)說明文檔見：13.2.2 Using Spring Boot without the Parent POM

  
     org.springframework.boot
     spring-boot-dependencies
     2.1.4.RELEASE
     pom
     import

1.2 打包管理
使用mvn package打包的plugin。

  
     org.springframework.boot
     spring-boot-maven-plugin

1.3 Starters
官網(wǎng)見：13.5 Starters

Starters are a set of convenient dependency descriptors that you can include in your application. You get a one-stop shop for all the Spring and related technologies that you need without having to hunt through sample code and copy-paste loads of dependency descriptors. For example, if you want to get started using Spring and JPA for database access, include the spring-boot-starter-data-jpa dependency in your project.
官方starter命名
spring-boot-starter-*

自定義starter命名
thirdpartyproject-spring-boot-starter

spring-boot-web-starter
查看其diagram，可以排除某個依賴

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web

  
     org.springframework.boot
     spring-boot-starter-tomcat

2 XXXApplication
2.1 @SpringBootApplication
官網(wǎng)見：18. Using the @SpringBootApplication Annotation

等同于@EnableAutoConfiguration，@ComponentScan和@Configuration

2.2 SpringApplication.run
官網(wǎng)見：23. SpringApplication

3 配置文件
3.1 初步感受
server.port=9090
3.2 yml文件
application.yml

3.3 給屬性注入值
實體類Person和IDCard
public class Person {

private String name;
private int age;
private Date birthday;
private String[] hobbies;
private IDCard idCard;
...

}
public class IDCard {

private int id;
private String number;

}
yml注入寫法
person:

name: Jack
age: 17
birthday: 1997/06/01
hobbies: [code，sing，share]
idCard: 
    id: 1
    number: 111

Person類增加注解
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")
測試
@Autowired
private Person person;
如果Person類上報錯，在Pom文件中加入如下依賴

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-configuration-processor

4 處理動靜態(tài)資源
4.1 動態(tài)資源
官網(wǎng)見：90.2 Reload Templates without Restarting the Container

templates
resources目錄下有一個templates文件夾，可以將動態(tài)資源放到其中

引入thymeleaf

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

templates下新建test.html文件

controller中return test
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/gupao")
public class GupaoController {

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(Model model){
    String str="hello spring boot";
    //想要動態(tài)的顯示在網(wǎng)頁當(dāng)中
    model.addAttribute("str",str);
    //接下來的頁面是能夠動態(tài)顯示傳過來的數(shù)據(jù)
    return "test";
}

}
4.2 靜態(tài)資源
static文件夾
在resources目錄下有一個static文件夾，可以將靜態(tài)資源放到其中，瀏覽器可以直接訪問。

靜態(tài)資源其他存放文件夾
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/"
"classpath:/resources/"
"classpath:/static/"
"classpath:/public/"
WebMvcAutoConfiguration源碼分析
WebMvcAutoConfiguration--->WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.addResourceHandlers(xxx)--->

this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()
return this.staticLocations;
private String[] staticLocations = CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS;
private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = {

  "classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/",
  "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" };

自定義靜態(tài)資源文件夾
觀察

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties {
配置application.properties

spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/gupao/
5 整合MyBatis
5.1 需求
通過Spring Boot Web項目api接口的方式，整合MyBatis實現(xiàn)crud的操作。

5.2 創(chuàng)建Spring Boot Web項目
重溫一下web項目創(chuàng)建的過程。

5.3 引入項目中需要的starter依賴

mysql
mysql-connector-java

org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
1.3.1

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

5.4 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表
db_gupao_springboot--->t_user

5.5 創(chuàng)建domain/User對象
public class User {

private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String number;
...

}
5.6 開發(fā)dao層
@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {

User find(String username);
List list();
int insert(User user);
int delete(int id);
int update(User user);

}
5.7 開發(fā)service層
@Service
public class UserService {

@Autowired
public UserMapper userMapper;
public User findByUsername(String username){
    return userMapper.find(username);
}
public List listUser(){
    return userMapper.list();
}
public int insertUser(User user){
    return userMapper.insert(user);
}
public int updateUser(User user){
    return userMapper.update(user);
}
public int delete(int id){
    return userMapper.delete(id);
}

}
5.8 開發(fā)controller層
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value="/user",method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public class UserController {

@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/listone")
@ResponseBody
public User listOne(String username){
    return userService.findByUsername(username);
}
@RequestMapping("/listall")
@ResponseBody
public List listAll(){
    return userService.listUser();
}

@RequestMapping(value="/add",method= RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String add(User user){
    int result=userService.insertUser(user);
    if(result>=1) {
        return "添加成功";
    }else{
        return "添加失敗";
    }
}
@RequestMapping(value="/update",method= RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String update(User user){
    int result=userService.updateUser(user);
    if(result>=1) {
        return "修改成功";
    }else{
        return "修改失敗";
    }
}
@RequestMapping(value="/delete",method= RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String delete(int id){
    int result=userService.delete(id);
    if(result>=1) {
        return "刪除成功";
    }else{
        return "刪除失敗";
    }
}

}
5.9 resources目錄下創(chuàng)建mapper文件夾---UserMapper.xml

    "-//mybatis.org//DTD com.example.Mapper 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


    
    
    





  INSERT INTO t_user
  (
  id,username,password,number
  )
  VALUES (
  #{id},
  #{username, jdbcType=VARCHAR},
  #{password, jdbcType=VARCHAR},
  #{number}
  )


  delete from t_user where id=#{id}


update t_user set user.username=#{username},user.password=#{password},user.number=#{number} where user.id=#{id}
   

5.10 application.properties文件配置
數(shù)據(jù)源
spring:
  datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/boot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: 123456
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
mybatis托管mapper文件
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
5.11 啟動項目測試
查詢
http://localhost:8888/user/listone?username=Jack
全部查詢
http://localhost:8888/user/listall
增加
http://localhost:8888/user/add?id=3&username=AAA&password=111111&number=300
更新
http://localhost:8888/user/update?id=3&username=BBB
刪除
http://localhost:8888/user/delete?id=3
6 項目打包
jar包
mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -U clean install
java -jar xxx.jar
war包
com.csdn
springboot-demo2
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
war
7 Spring Boot in less than 10 minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch...
BUILD ANYTHING WITH SPRING BOOT
Spring Boot is the starting point for building all Spring-based applications. Spring Boot is designed to get you up and running as quickly as possible, with minimal upfront configuration of Spring.

Get started in seconds using Spring Initializr
Build anything: REST API, WebSocket, web, streaming, tasks, and more
Simplified security
Rich support for SQL and NoSQL
Embedded runtime support: Tomcat, Jetty, and Undertow
Developer productivity tools such as LiveReload and Auto Restart
Curated dependencies that just work
Production-ready features such as tracing, metrics, and health status
Works in your favorite IDE: Spring Tool Suite, IntelliJ IDEA, and NetBeans

7.1 IDEA創(chuàng)建工程
group:com.example
artifact:bootiful
dependencies:Reactive Web,Reactive MongoDB,Lombok,Actuator,Security
7.2 DATA DRIVE
Spring Data integrates seamlessly with SQL and NoSQL persistence stores. Spring Data supports reactive data access,too!
@Component
class DataWriter implements ApplicationRunner {
private final CustomerRepository customerRepository;

DataWriter(CustomerRepository customerRepository) {
    this.customerRepository = customerRepository;
}

@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
    Flux.just("Jack", "Rechal", "Richard", "Jobs")
            .flatMap(name -> customerRepository.save(new Customer(null, name)))
            .subscribe(System.out::println);
}
}
interface CustomerRepository extends ReactiveMongoRepository {
}
@Document
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
class Customer {
private String id,name;

public Customer(String id, String name) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
}
}
7.3 REST
On the web,nobody knows you"re a reactive microservice.
@SpringBootApplication
public class BootifulApplication {
@Bean
RouterFunction routes(CustomerRepository cr){
    return RouterFunctions.route(GET("/customers"),serverRequest -> ok().body(cr.findAll(),Customer.class));
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(BootifulApplication.class, args);
}

}
7.4 OBSERVABILITY
How"s your app"s health?Who better to articulate that then the application itself?
Spring Boot featurese strong opinions,loosely held.
It"s easy to change any of them with properties or pluggable implementations
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
management.endpoints.web.exposure.exclude=*
@Bean
HealthIndicator healthIndicator(){
return () -> Health.status("I <3 Production").build();
}
訪問:curl http://localhost:8080/actuator/health | jq
7.5 SECURITY
Effortlessly plugin authentication and authorization in a traditional or reactive application with Spring Security
@Bean
MapReactiveUserDetailsService users(){
return new MapReactiveUserDetailsService(User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder().username("user").password("pw").roles("USER").build());
}
訪問:curl -vu user:pw http://localhost:8080/customers | jq
7.6 TO PRODUCTION
Let"s provision a MongoDB instance,configure our application"s route and MongoDB binding,and then push our application to production with Cloud Foundry.
命令切換到bootiful根目錄下
cf services
定位到my-mongodb文件夾
復(fù)制對應(yīng)文件，修改和觀察