摘要：創(chuàng)建消息監(jiān)聽，并發(fā)送一條消息在程序中，提供了發(fā)送消息和接收消息的所有方法。

這篇文章帶你了解怎么整合RabbitMQ服務(wù)器，并且通過它怎么去發(fā)送和接收消息。我將構(gòu)建一個(gè)springboot工程，通過RabbitTemplate去通過MessageListenerAdapter去訂閱一個(gè)POJO類型的消息。

15min
IDEA
maven 3.0

在開始構(gòu)建項(xiàng)目之前，機(jī)器需要安裝rabbitmq，你可以去官網(wǎng)下載，http://www.rabbitmq.com/downl... ，如果你是用的Mac（程序員都應(yīng)該用mac吧），你可以這樣下載：

brew install rabbitmq

安裝完成后開啟服務(wù)器：

rabbitmq-server

開啟服務(wù)器成功，你可以看到以下信息：

    

    RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc.
##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
##  ##
##########  Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
######  ##        /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost-sasl.log
##########
            Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.

構(gòu)架一個(gè)SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依賴加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依賴：

    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-amqp

在任何的消息隊(duì)列程序中，你需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)消息接收者，用于響應(yīng)發(fā)送的消息。

@Component
public class Receiver {

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");
        latch.countDown();
    }

    public CountDownLatch getLatch() {
        return latch;
    }

}

消息接收者是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的POJO類，它定義了一個(gè)方法去接收消息，當(dāng)你注冊(cè)它去接收消息，你可以給它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch這樣的一個(gè)類，它是用于告訴發(fā)送者消息已經(jīng)收到了，你不需要在應(yīng)用程序中具體實(shí)現(xiàn)它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。
創(chuàng)建消息監(jiān)聽，并發(fā)送一條消息

在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了發(fā)送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需簡(jiǎn)單的配置下就行了：

需要一個(gè)消息監(jiān)聽容器
聲明一個(gè)quene,一個(gè)exchange,并且綁定它們
一個(gè)組件去發(fā)送消息

代碼清單如下：

package com.forezp;

import com.forezp.message.Receiver;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;


@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {

     final static String queueName = "spring-boot";

    @Bean
    Queue queue() {
        return new Queue(queueName, false);
    }

    @Bean
    TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange");
    }

    @Bean
    Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);
    }

    @Bean
    SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                             MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.setQueueNames(queueName);
        container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter);
        return container;
    }

    @Bean
    MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
        return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
    }
}

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試方法：

@Component
public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner {

    private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    private final Receiver receiver;
    private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context;

    public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,
            ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        this.receiver = receiver;
        this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Sending message...");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!");
        receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        context.close();
    }

}

啟動(dòng)程序，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)控制臺(tái)打印：

Sending message...
Received 

恭喜！你剛才已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了如何通過spring raabitmq去構(gòu)建一個(gè)消息發(fā)送和訂閱的程序。 這僅僅是一個(gè)好的開始，你可以通過spring-rabbitmq做更多的事，點(diǎn)擊這里。

源碼下載：https://github.com/forezp/Spr...
參考資料

https://spring.io/guides/gs/m...