[LintCode/LeetCode] Combinations

Raaabbit 發布于2019-08-14 15:23 / 1354人閱讀

摘要：題目為求從到的自然數里取個數的所有組合全集。使用遞歸的模板，建立函數。模板如下也可以不建立新的，而是遞歸調用之后刪去中最后一個元素

Problem

Given two integers n and k, return all possible combinations of k numbers out of 1 ... n.

Example

For example,
If n = 4 and k = 2, a solution is:
[[2,4],[3,4],[2,3],[1,2],[1,3],[1,4]]

Note

題目為求從1到n的自然數里取k個數的所有組合全集。使用遞歸的模板，建立helper函數。
模板如下：

void helper(range S, target T, start A, tempArray B) {
    if (B met T or other requirement) {
        res.add(B);
        return;
    }
    for (int i starts from A in S) {
        tempArray C = new tempArray (B);
        C.add(i);
        helper(S, T-i, i+1, C);
    }
}

也可以不建立新的tempArray C，而是遞歸調用helper之后刪去B中最后一個元素：

void helper(range S, target T, start A, tempArray B) {
    if (B met T or other requirement) {
        res.add(B);
        return;
    }
    for (int i starts from A in S) {
        B.add(i);
        helper(S, T-i, i+1, C);
        B.remove(B.size()-1);
    }
}

Solution

public class Solution {
    List> res = new ArrayList>();
    public List> combine(int n, int k) {
        helper(n, k, 1, new ArrayList());
        return res;
    }
    private void helper(int n, int k, int start, List pre) {
        if (pre.size() == k) {
            res.add(pre);
            return;
        }
        for (int i = start; i <= n; i++) {
            List cur = new ArrayList (pre);
            cur.add(i);
            helper(n, k, i+1, cur);
        }
    }
}

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