297. Serialize and Deserialize Binary Tree

focusj 發布于2019-08-14 14:15 / 2022人閱讀

摘要：題目解答用一個特殊的符號來表示的情況這是按先序遍歷來存到中去這里用為其包含了幾乎所有這里還是挺多知識點的，后是一個可以把數組變成則是把加到這個的中去

題目：
Serialization is the process of converting a data structure or object into a sequence of bits so that it can be stored in a file or memory buffer, or transmitted across a network connection link to be reconstructed later in the same or another computer environment.

Design an algorithm to serialize and deserialize a binary tree. There is no restriction on how your serialization/deserialization algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a binary tree can be serialized to a string and this string can be deserialized to the original tree structure.

For example, you may serialize the following tree

as "[1,2,3,null,null,4,5]", just the same as how LeetCode OJ serializes a binary tree. You do not necessarily need to follow this format, so please be creative and come up with different approaches yourself.
Note: Do not use class member/global/static variables to store states. Your serialize and deserialize algorithms should be stateless.

解答：

public class Codec {
    private String spliter = ",";
    //用一個特殊的符號來表示null的情況
    private String NN = "X";

    // Encodes a tree to a single string.
    public void BuildString(StringBuilder sb, TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) {
            sb.append("X").append(spliter);
        } else {
            //這是按先序遍歷來存root到string中去
            sb.append(root.val).append(spliter);
            BuildString(sb, root.left);
            BuildString(sb, root.right);
        }
    }
    
    public String serialize(TreeNode root) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        BuildString(sb, root);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    // Decodes your encoded data to tree.
    public TreeNode BuildTree(Deque nodes) {
        String node = nodes.remove();
        if (node.equals(NN)) {
            return null;
        } else {
            //Integer.valueOf("String");
            TreeNode root = new TreeNode(Integer.valueOf(node));
            root.left = BuildTree(nodes);
            root.right = BuildTree(nodes);
            return root;
        }
    }
    
    public TreeNode deserialize(String data) {
        //deque這里用linkedlist為interface,其包含了幾乎所有resizable array
        Deque nodes = new LinkedList<>();
        //這里還是挺多知識點的，String.split()后是一個String[], Arrays.asList()可以把數組變成list, nodes.addAll()則是把list加到nodes這個list的中去
        nodes.addAll(Arrays.asList(data.split(spliter)));
        return BuildTree(nodes);
    }
}

// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:
// Codec codec = new Codec();
// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));

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