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python_bomb----數(shù)據(jù)類型

moven_j / 2947人閱讀

摘要：數(shù)值類型整形長(zhǎng)整形有長(zhǎng)整形沒有長(zhǎng)整形浮點(diǎn)型復(fù)數(shù)類型查看幫助可以使用什么方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)什么功能共軛虛部實(shí)部初學(xué)階段，避免使用開頭的內(nèi)置功能字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型學(xué)生管理系統(tǒng)學(xué)生管理系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)類型的轉(zhuǎn)換在中，所有的數(shù)據(jù)類型都可以作為內(nèi)置函數(shù)，用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)

數(shù)值類型 1.整形 
Python 2.7.5 (default, Feb 11 2014, 07:46:25) 
>>> aint=3
>>> type(aint)



Python 3.6.4 (default, Aug  6 2018, 22:54:20) 
>>> aint=3
>>> type(aint)
2.長(zhǎng)整形 
python2#有長(zhǎng)整形
>>> along=1728219876932764873264934692
>>> type(along)



python3#沒有長(zhǎng)整形
>>> along=1728219876932764873264934692
>>> type(along)
3.浮點(diǎn)型

1.344,12000000=12e6=1.2e7=0.12e7,0.012=1.2e-2

python2
>>> afloat=12e3
>>> afloat
12000.0
>>> type(afloat)


python3
>>> afloat=12e3
>>> type(afloat)
4.復(fù)數(shù)類型 
acomplex=3j+8
type(acomplex)
查看幫助：可以使用什么方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)什么功能？ 
help(acomplex)
dir(acomplex)
["__abs__", "__add__", "__class__", "__coerce__", "__delattr__", "__div__", "__divmod__", "__doc__", "__eq__", "__float__", "__floordiv__", "__format__", "__ge__", "__getattribute__", "__getnewargs__", "__gt__", "__hash__", "__init__", "__int__", "__le__", "__long__", "__lt__", "__mod__", "__mul__", "__ne__", "__neg__", "__new__", "__nonzero__", "__pos__", "__pow__", "__radd__", "__rdiv__", "__rdivmod__", "__reduce__", "__reduce_ex__", "__repr__", "__rfloordiv__", "__rmod__", "__rmul__", "__rpow__", "__rsub__", "__rtruediv__", "__setattr__", "__sizeof__", "__str__", "__sub__", "__subclasshook__", "__truediv__", "conjugate", "imag", "real"]


>>> acomplex.conjugate()    #共軛
(8-3j)
>>> acomplex.imag    #虛部
3.0
>>> acomplex.real    #實(shí)部
8.0

初學(xué)階段，避免使用"__"開頭的內(nèi)置功能

5.字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型 
>>> astring="hello"
>>> type(astring)

>>> dir(astring)
["__add__", "__class__", "__contains__", "__delattr__", "__doc__", "__eq__", "__format__", "__ge__", "__getattribute__", "__getitem__", "__getnewargs__", "__getslice__", "__gt__", "__hash__", "__init__", "__le__", "__len__", "__lt__", "__mod__", "__mul__", "__ne__", "__new__", "__reduce__", "__reduce_ex__", "__repr__", "__rmod__", "__rmul__", "__setattr__", "__sizeof__", "__str__", "__subclasshook__", "_formatter_field_name_split", "_formatter_parser", "capitalize", "center", "count", "decode", "encode", "endswith", "expandtabs", "find", "format", "index", "isalnum", "isalpha", "isdigit", "islower", "isspace", "istitle", "isupper", "join", "ljust", "lower", "lstrip", "partition", "replace", "rfind", "rindex", "rjust", "rpartition", "rsplit", "rstrip", "split", "splitlines", "startswith", "strip", "swapcase", "title", "translate", "upper", "zfill"]
>>> help(astring.center)
>>> astring.center(40,"*")
"*****************hello******************"
>>> print("學(xué)生管理系統(tǒng)".center(40,"*"))
***********學(xué)生管理系統(tǒng)***********

數(shù)據(jù)類型的轉(zhuǎn)換

-在python中，所有的數(shù)據(jù)類型都可以作為內(nèi)置函數(shù)，用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)類型：

>>> int(3.10)
3
>>> str(3)   
"3"
>>> type(str(3))

>>> float(3)
3.0
>>> complex(2)
(2+0j)

如何刪除內(nèi)存中的變量 
>>> afloat=2e12
>>> del afloat
>>> afloat
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
NameError: name "afloat" is not defined

布爾數(shù)據(jù)類型

bool:只有兩個(gè)值(True,Flase)

>>>a = 1
>>> bool(a)
True
>>> bool(0)
False
>>> name = "we"
>>> bool(a)
True

運(yùn)算符 1.算術(shù)運(yùn)算符

+,-,,*,/,%,//

2.賦值運(yùn)算符

=,+=,-=,/=,%=,*=

3.關(guān)系運(yùn)算符 
,>=,<,<=,!=,==
4.邏輯運(yùn)算符

邏輯與and
邏輯或or
邏輯非not

python2

>>> 5/2
2
>>> 100/300
0

>>> 5/2.0
2.5
>>> 100/300.0
0.3333333333333333

>>> from __future__ import division
>>> 5/3
1.6666666666666667

python3

vim empty.py

#判斷輸入為空時(shí)，輸出"Error"
value=input("請(qǐng)輸入：")
if not value:
    print("Erros")

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