cd /usr/local/

sql_mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
character-set-server = utf8
collation_server = utf8_general_ci
basedir = /usr/local/mysql8
skip_ssl
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

mysql> select version();
+------------+
| version() |
+------------+
| 5.7.23-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like innodb_fast_shutdown;
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| innodb_fast_shutdown | 1 |
+----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global innodb_fast_shutdown=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> shutdown;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

[root@centos ~]# /usr/local/mysql8/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &
[1] 23333
[root@centos ~]# 20XX-0X-20T07:07:02.337626Z mysqld_safe Logging to /data/mysql/logs/error.log.
20XX-0X-20T07:07:02.366244Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/data

[root@centos ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 17
Server version: 8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type help; or h for help. Type c to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.19    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

vi /etc/profile

[root@centos ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@centos ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql8/bin/mysql
[root@centos ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.19 for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)